《科学》（20220805出版）一周论文导读
Abstract:Pathogenic variants in genes that cause dilated cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy convey high risks for the development of heart failure through unknown mechanisms. Using single-nucleus RNA sequencing， we characterized the transcriptome of 880，000 nuclei from 18 control and 61 failing， nonischemic human hearts with pathogenic variants in DCM and ACM genes or idiopathic disease. We performed genotype-stratified analyses of the ventricular cell lineages and transcriptional states. The resultant DCM and ACM ventricular cell atlas demonstrated distinct right and left ventricular responses， highlighting genotype-associated pathways， intercellular interactions， and differential gene expression at single-cell resolution. Together， these data illuminate both shared and distinct cellular and molecular architectures of human heart failure and suggest candidate therapeutic targets.
前沿研究丨从学科交叉角度看地学周期表
2003年，Railsback概括了地球自然环境中大量的元素地质学信息，提出了“地学元素和离子周期表”，简称地学周期表。
前沿 | 东大近期科研成果速览
近日，物理学院王金兰教授课题组与其合作者，德国不莱梅大学Thomas Frauenheim教授课题组及美国南加州大学Oleg V. Prezhdo教授在钙钛矿激发态动力学方面取得重要进展，相关成果以“Control of Hot Carrier Cooling in Lead Halide Perovskites by Point Defects”为题发表在化学类顶级期刊《美国化学会会志》 上。
《自然》（20220414出版）一周论文导读
Abstract:Understanding how super-massive black holes form and grow in the early Universe has become a major challenge since it was discovered that luminous quasars existed only 700 million years after the Big Bang. Simulations indicate an evolutionary sequence of dust-reddened quasars emerging from heavily dust-obscured starbursts that then transition to unobscured luminous quasars by expelling gas and dust. Although the last phase has been identified out to a redshift of 7.6， a transitioning quasar has not been found at similar redshifts owing to their faintness at optical and near-infrared wavelengths. Here we report observations of an ultraviolet compact object， GNz7q， associated with a dust-enshrouded starburst at a redshift of 7.1899 ± 0.0005. The host galaxy is more luminous in dust emission than any other known object at this epoch， forming 1，600 solar masses of stars per year within a central radius of 480 parsec. A red point source in the far-ultraviolet is identified in deep， high-resolution imaging and slitless spectroscopy. GNz7q is extremely faint in X-rays， which indicates the emergence of a uniquely ultraviolet compact star-forming region or a Compton-thick super-Eddington black-hole accretion disk at the dusty starburst core. In the latter case， the observed properties are consistent with predictions from cosmological simulations and suggest that GNz7q is an antecedent to unobscured luminous quasars at later epochs.
科学家解决X射线内窥成像难题，可穿透人体实时观察肿瘤
近日，华南理工大学博士生章皓与所在团队成功制备出具有 1600 个像素的光纤阵列，这种光纤阵列探测器能够穿透复杂的结构（可直接穿透球体），实现低剂量、高分辨率的 X 射线成像与传像，分辨率极限可以达到 60.7lp/mm。
《科学》（20220422出版）一周论文导读
Abstract:Translational symmetry breaking is antagonistic to static fluidity but can be realized in superconductors， which host a quantum-mechanical coherent fluid formed by electron pairs. A peculiar example of such a state is the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state， induced by a time-reversal symmetry–breaking magnetic field applied to spin-singlet superconductors. This state is intrinsically accompanied by the superconducting spin smecticity， spin density–modulated fluidity with spontaneous translational-symmetry breaking. Detection of such spin smecticity provides unambiguous evidence for the FFLO state， but its observation has been challenging. Here， we report the characteristic “double-horn” nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum in the layered superconductor Sr2RuO4 near its upper critical field， indicating the spatial sinusoidal modulation of spin density that is consistent with superconducting spin smecticity. Our work reveals that Sr2RuO4 provides a versatile platform for studying FFLO physics.
有机-无机杂化材料研究获进展
近日，中山大学化学工程与技术学院教授欧阳钢锋、副教授刘威课题组在有机-无机杂化材料研究上取得新进展。
金属卤化物半导体有手性？
手性是指物体与其镜像不能重合的现象，是描述分子不对称性质的术语。手性分子是化学结构上镜像对称而又不能完全重合的分子，如同人类的左右手一般，互为不能重叠的镜像关系，这样一对互为镜像关系的手性分子被称为对映异构体，见图1。